一、開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境
操作系統(tǒng):Windows 10 X64
開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境:VS2015
編程語(yǔ)言:C#
.NET版本:.NET Framework 4.0
目標(biāo)平臺(tái):X86
二、創(chuàng)建Windows Service
1、新建一個(gè)Windows Service,并將項(xiàng)目名稱(chēng)改為“MyWindowsService”,如下圖所示:
2、在解決方案資源管理器內(nèi)將Service1.cs改為MyService1.cs后并點(diǎn)擊“查看代碼”圖標(biāo)按鈕進(jìn)入代碼編輯器界面,如下圖所示:
3、在代碼編輯器內(nèi)輸入以下代碼,如下所示:
using System;using System.ServiceProcess;using System.IO;namespace MyWindowsService{ public partial class MyService : ServiceBase { public MyService() { InitializeComponent(); } string filePath = @"D:MyServiceLog.txt"; protected overrIDE void OnStart(string[] args) { using (FileStream stream = new FileStream(filePath,FileMode.Append)) using (StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(stream)) { writer.WriteLine($"{DateTime.Now},服務(wù)啟動(dòng)!"); } } protected override void OnStop() { using (FileStream stream = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Append)) using (StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(stream)) { writer.WriteLine($"{DateTime.Now},服務(wù)停止!"); } } }}
4、雙擊項(xiàng)目“MyWindowsService”進(jìn)入“MyService”設(shè)計(jì)界面,在空白位置右擊鼠標(biāo)彈出上下文菜單,選中“添加安裝程序”,如下圖所示:
5、此時(shí)軟件會(huì)生成兩個(gè)組件,分別為“serviceInstaller1”及“serviceProcessInstaller1”,如下圖所示:
6、點(diǎn)擊“serviceInstaller1”,在“屬性”窗體將ServiceName改為MyService,Description改為我的服務(wù),StartType保持為Manual,如下圖所示:
7、點(diǎn)擊“serviceProcessInstaller1”,在“屬性”窗體將Account改為L(zhǎng)ocalSystem(服務(wù)屬性系統(tǒng)級(jí)別),如下圖所示:
8、鼠標(biāo)右鍵點(diǎn)擊項(xiàng)目“MyWindowsService”,在彈出的上下文菜單中選擇“生成”按鈕,如下圖所示:
9、至此,Windows服務(wù)已經(jīng)創(chuàng)建完畢。
三、創(chuàng)建安裝、啟動(dòng)、停止、卸載服務(wù)的Windows窗體
1、在同一個(gè)解決方案里新建一個(gè)Windows Form項(xiàng)目,并命名為WindowsServiceClient,如下圖所示:
2、將該項(xiàng)目設(shè)置為啟動(dòng)項(xiàng)目,并在窗體內(nèi)添加四個(gè)按鈕,分別為安裝服務(wù)、啟動(dòng)服務(wù)、停止服務(wù)及卸載服務(wù),如下圖所示:
3、按下F7進(jìn)入代碼編輯界面,引用“System.ServiceProcess”及“System.Configuration.Install”,并輸入如下代碼:
using System;using System.Collections;using System.Windows.Forms;using System.ServiceProcess;using System.Configuration.Install;namespace WindowsServiceClient{ public partial class Form1 : Form { public Form1() { InitializeComponent(); } string serviceFilePath = $"{Application.StartupPath}MyWindowsService.exe"; string serviceName = "MyService"; //事件:安裝服務(wù) private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (this.IsServiceExisted(serviceName)) this.UninstallService(serviceName); this.InstallService(serviceFilePath); } //事件:?jiǎn)?dòng)服務(wù) private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (this.IsServiceExisted(serviceName)) this.ServiceStart(serviceName); } //事件:停止服務(wù) private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (this.IsServiceExisted(serviceName)) this.ServiceStop(serviceName); } //事件:卸載服務(wù) private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (this.IsServiceExisted(serviceName)) { this.ServiceStop(serviceName); this.UninstallService(serviceFilePath); } } //判斷服務(wù)是否存在 private bool IsServiceExisted(string serviceName) { ServiceController[] services = ServiceController.GetServices(); foreach (ServiceController sc in services) { if (sc.ServiceName.ToLower() == serviceName.ToLower()) { return true; } } return false; } //安裝服務(wù) private void InstallService(string serviceFilePath) { using (AssemblyInstaller installer = new AssemblyInstaller()) { installer.UseNewContext = true; installer.Path = serviceFilePath; IDictionary savedState = new Hashtable(); installer.Install(savedState); installer.Commit(savedState); } } //卸載服務(wù) private void UninstallService(string serviceFilePath) { using (AssemblyInstaller installer = new AssemblyInstaller()) { installer.UseNewContext = true; installer.Path = serviceFilePath; installer.Uninstall(null); } } //啟動(dòng)服務(wù) private void ServiceStart(string serviceName) { using (ServiceController control = new ServiceController(serviceName)) { if (control.Status == ServiceControllerStatus.Stopped) { control.Start(); } } } //停止服務(wù) private void ServiceStop(string serviceName) { using (ServiceController control = new ServiceController(serviceName)) { if (control.Status == ServiceControllerStatus.Running) { control.Stop(); } } } }}
4、為了后續(xù)調(diào)試服務(wù)及安裝卸載服務(wù)的需要,將已生成的MyWindowsService.exe引用到本W(wǎng)indows窗體,如下圖所示:
5、由于需要安裝服務(wù),故需要使用UAC中Administrator的權(quán)限,鼠標(biāo)右擊項(xiàng)目“WindowsServiceClient”,在彈出的上下文菜單中選擇“添加”->“新建項(xiàng)”,在彈出的選擇窗體中選擇“應(yīng)用程序清單文件”并單擊確定,如下圖所示:
6、打開(kāi)該文件,并將<requestedExecutionLevel level="asInvoker" uiAccess="false" />改為<requestedExecutionLevel level="requireAdministrator" uiAccess="false" />,如下圖所示:
7、IDE啟動(dòng)后,將會(huì)彈出如下所示的窗體(有的系統(tǒng)因UAC配置有可能不顯示),需要用管理員權(quán)限打開(kāi):
8、重新打開(kāi)后,在IDE運(yùn)行WindowsServiceClient項(xiàng)目;
9、使用WIN R的方式打開(kāi)運(yùn)行窗體,并在窗體內(nèi)輸入services.msc后打開(kāi)服務(wù),如下圖所示:
10、點(diǎn)擊窗體內(nèi)的“安裝服務(wù)”按鈕,將會(huì)在服務(wù)中出現(xiàn)MyService,如下圖所示:
11、點(diǎn)擊“運(yùn)行服務(wù)”按鈕,將啟動(dòng)并運(yùn)行服務(wù),如下所示:
12、點(diǎn)擊“停止服務(wù)”按鈕,將會(huì)停止運(yùn)行服務(wù),如下圖所示:
13、點(diǎn)擊“卸載服務(wù)”按鈕,將會(huì)從服務(wù)中刪除MyService服務(wù)。
14、以上啟動(dòng)及停止服務(wù)將會(huì)寫(xiě)入D:MyServiceLog.txt,內(nèi)容如下所示:
源代碼下載:
http://pan.baidu.com/s/1kVza3Bp
補(bǔ)充:如何調(diào)試服務(wù)
1、要調(diào)試服務(wù),其實(shí)很簡(jiǎn)單,如需將服務(wù)附加進(jìn)程到需要調(diào)試的項(xiàng)目里面即可,假如要調(diào)試剛才建的服務(wù),現(xiàn)在OnStop事件里設(shè)置斷點(diǎn),如下所示:
2、啟動(dòng)“WindowsServiceClient”項(xiàng)目,在“調(diào)試”菜單中選擇“附件到進(jìn)程”(服務(wù)必須事先安裝),如下所示:
3、找到“MyWindowsService.exe”,點(diǎn)擊“附加”按鈕,如下圖所示:
4、點(diǎn)擊“停止服務(wù)”按鈕,程序?qū)?huì)在設(shè)置斷點(diǎn)的地方中斷,如下圖所示:
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